Tuesday, December 2, 2008
1. People who eat odd things like dirt and metal
are considered to have a mental disorder. However, there is no mental disorder
classification for serial rapists.
According to lecture, why is one group but not the other classified as
having a mental disorder?
|
a. |
Serial rapists have been found to suffer from traumatic
childhood experiences which cannot be the cause of a mental disorder. |
|
b. |
People who eat odd things all have specific damage to a brain region, while serial rapists tend not to suffer from brain damage. |
|
c. |
Serial rapists and people eating odd things both fall
into the category of criminal disorders. |
|
d. |
The definitions of mental disorders are often culturally
defined and can be driven by seemingly arbitrary factors, such as politics. |
|
e. |
Mental disorders are unrelated to sexual disorders, such
as with a serial rapist. |
2. In another class, Dr. Pennebaker makes his
TA’s hand count how many words the students write in an essay (a very boring
and time consuming task). Afterwards, he gives Rafael $3 for doing this and
gives Marcus $30. According to cognitive
dissonance, which TA is most likely to tell future TAs for Dr. Pennebaker that he
did NOT enjoy the task?
|
a. |
Marcus, because $30 was sufficient justification to do a
boring task. |
|
b. |
Rafael, because $3 does not seem like enough money to justify doing something so boring. |
|
c. |
Both will say they both did not enjoy the task equally. |
|
d. |
Both will say that they did enjoy the task because some
reward was given. |
|
e. |
Both will say that they enjoyed the task because Dr.
Pennebaker is always watching. |
3. The professors gave direct orders to the teaching assistants to fail everyone in the class. The professors did not give a reason but said that the University agreed with their decision, so the TAs obeyed and failed everyone. This incident illustrated that people are most likely to be destructively obedient when:
|
a. |
their victims are distant and depersonalized. |
|
b. |
they perceive their orders to come from legitimate authority figures. |
|
c. |
they are evil. |
|
d. |
they fail to realize their actions are morally wrong. |
|
e. |
they derive personal satisfaction from destructive acts. |
4. According to the laws of social physics,
|
a. |
groups with lower status will attract more people |
|
b. |
the more popular the teacher, the less sociable he or she naturally is |
|
c. |
the smaller the
group, the faster the group walks on a stroll through the park |
|
d. |
if a person falls from a building, he (or she) will maintain a constant velocity |
|
e. |
in a crowded room, people avoid standing next to a tall person. |
5. On which of the following tasks would
the presence of others be most likely to lead to improved performance?
|
a. |
counting backward from 10 to 1 |
|
b. |
learning nonsense syllables |
|
c. |
solving calculus equations |
|
d. |
reciting the months of the year in alphabetical order |
|
e. |
learning foreign language words |
6. Fleur suffers from chronic depression.
According to the social-cognitive perspective, how is she most likely to
respond when told that she performed very poorly on a test she took the
previous day?
|
a. |
“The professors suck.” |
|
b. |
“There was a test yesterday?” |
|
c. |
“I'm just stupid and always will be.” |
|
d. |
“Yesterday was just my unlucky day, but I'll do better next time.” |
|
e. |
“I suspect that none of the students in my class did well on that test.” |
7. A fast-growing company called Super Psych
Inc. is finding that even though it’s hiring new employees, many groups of
co-workers are leaving the company. The
company decides that it should re-structure how it is organized. Based on the lecture on social dynamics,
which of the following would BEST solve their problem with company stability?
|
a. |
The company should restructure itself into smaller groups since they
should be more stable than one large unit. |
|
b. |
The company should assist in helping employees who want to quit find a new job to create dissonance for the remaining employees. |
|
c. |
The company should use the foot-in-the-door technique to increase
recruitment. |
|
d. |
The company should attempt to merge with a larger company. |
|
e. |
The company should fire all its employees and start over. |
8. Based on the video about the Milgram study in
class, which of the following is the BEST reason why teachers in the study
continued the shocks?
|
a. |
They ignored or didn’t believe that the shocks were affecting the learner. |
|
b. |
Teachers believed
they weren’t responsible for their actions. |
|
c. |
The teachers were forced to administer the shocks and had no choice about whether and when to give the shocks. |
|
d. |
The experimenter lied to the teachers about the health of the learner, saying that the learner’s lack of response was due to equipment failure. |
|
e. |
The teachers could not hear the cries of the learner, so they had no way of knowing that the shocks were painful. |
9. One reason that the in class demonstration of conformity wasn’t as successful as it could have been was:
|
a. |
People with blue forms
might have seen one other person still sitting down on the key trial. |
|
b. |
People
without blue forms might have failed to stand up fast enough on the key
trial. |
|
c. |
People
with the blue forms might have been too focused on grabbing their blue form
and failed to sit down on the key trial. |
|
d. |
People
with the blue forms might have stayed standing just because everyone else
stood up on the key trial. |
|
e. |
Some
people without the blue forms didn’t come to class on the right day. |
10. Arabella is tempted to shoplift a gold
necklace even though she has negative feelings about shoplifting. Arabella is LEAST
likely to steal the merchandise if:
|
a. |
she has recently shoplifted jewelry from several different stores. |
|
b. |
her negative feelings about shoplifting result from normative social influence. |
|
c. |
her negative feelings about shoplifting result from informational social influence. |
|
d. |
she is highly aware of her negative feelings about shoplifting. |
|
e. |
she is suffering the effects of deindividuation. |
11. If one were to generalize from
Sherif's study of conflict resolution between two groups of children campers,
the best way for the
|
a. |
conduct a joint space program designed to land humans on Mars. |
|
b. |
hold highly publicized athletic contests between the two countries. |
|
c. |
teach citizens of each country to speak the language of the other country. |
|
d. |
minimize their trade and economic exchanges. |
|
e. |
allow citizens of each country the right to freely immigrate to the other country. |
12. Marvolo is 32 years old, well above
average in intelligence, and quite charming. What might lead you to suspect he
has antisocial personality disorder?
|
a. |
He swindled several elderly people out of their life savings, yet he
expresses little regret and does not fear the consequences of getting caught. |
|
b. |
He constantly worries about germs and often has to wash his hands until his skin is raw. |
|
c. |
He is afraid of being in a crowded room and avoids potentially embarrassing social situations, so people who know him think he is not very sociable. |
|
d. |
He seems to go through cycles of being very talkative and energetic and being hopeless and withdrawn. |
|
e. |
He says he hears voices calling him nasty names and telling him to hurt himself. |
13. Johan was classified as having a mental illness when he actually was faking it and does not have one. According to Rosenhan’s findings dealing with sane people going into mental hospitals, which of the following is LEAST likely to occur if he’s at a mental institution?
|
a. |
The doctors will interpret ordinary stories that Johan tells as symptoms of his mental illness. |
|
b. |
The doctors will interpret Johan’s claim that he faked his illness as signs that he is still ill. |
|
c. |
The doctors will quite quickly be able to
discover that Johan has faked the illness and will send him home. |
|
d. |
The doctors will want to keep Johan under supervision for a while even if one of his friends says that he was faking it. |
|
e. |
Johan will see how other patients are treated at the institution. |
14. When the class had the “cocktail party”, the partiers did all of the following EXCEPT:
|
a. |
Tended to face away from the non-partiers in an attempt to shield themselves. |
|
b. |
Tended to clump together on just one side of the stage in order to feel more secure. |
|
c. |
Tended to use hand gestures when talking because it was loud on stage. |
|
d. |
Tended to discuss topics that were more personal because the partiers
are in a psychology class that emphasizes personal well-being. |
|
e. |
Tended to talk to people who were similar to themselves in dress and gender because people naturally find something to talk about with people who look like them. |
15. Elvira is in the library when the fire alarm
goes off. She looks around at other
students and no one seems to care. Based
on the lectures, how is Elvira MOST likely to respond?
|
a. |
Elvira will start a fire herself so everyone will leave. |
|
b. |
Elvira will leave the library immediately. |
|
c. |
Elvira will stop what she’s doing until the alarm goes off. |
|
d. |
Elvira will scream “Fire!” even though she doesn’t see one. |
|
e. |
Elvira will continue to study in the library, ignoring the alarm. |
16. During the manic phase of bipolar
disorder, individuals are most likely to
|
a. |
experience delusions of persecution. |
|
b. |
have visual or auditory hallucinations. |
|
c. |
show good judgment. |
|
d. |
experience uncontrollable grief and despair. |
|
e. |
have high self-esteem. |
17. When a salesperson visits your home
and asks you to try a free sample of a cleaning fluid, you agree. When he
returns the following week and asks you to purchase an assortment of expensive
cleaning products, you make the purchase. The salesperson appears to have made
effective use of:
|
a. |
the foot-in-the-door phenomenon - because you accepted the smaller
request you then accepted the larger request. |
|
b. |
deindividuation - you felt anonymous and less restrained in the presence of the salesman so you made an uninhibited purchase. |
|
c. |
normative social influence - you wanted the salesman's approval so you purchased the cleaning products. |
|
d. |
prejudice - the salesman took advantage of your negative attitude toward his products to get you to purchase them. |
|
e. |
the fundamental attribution error - you overestimated the quality of the cleaning product. |
18. Viktor is afraid to ask a girl for a
date, so his therapist instructs him to relax and simply imagine he is reaching
for a telephone and then calling a potential date. The therapist's technique
best illustrates the process of:
|
a. |
free association - he is being asked to freely associate about his fear of telephones. |
|
b. |
cognitive therapy - he is being taught to change his self-defeating beliefs about his ability to use a phone to ask a girl for a date. |
|
c. |
systematic desensitization - he is being conditioned to associate
relaxation with calling a potential date. |
|
d. |
aversive conditioning - he is being conditioned to associate his fear of girls with making telephone calls. |
|
e. |
transference - he is transferring his feelings of fear to the therapist. |
19. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) differs
from the psychoanalytic approach and the humanistic approach because it
|
a. |
assumes a core model of personality |
|
b. |
focuses on discovering the underlying cause of the problem |
|
c. |
focuses on the patient's history
and family history of mental illness |
|
d. |
uses
conditioning strategies |
|
e. |
involves neglecting the patient |
20. Imagine you are attending a meeting in the
conference room of a hotel. On one side
of the room there is a water cooler, and on the other side of the room there is
a coffee machine. Many people are expected to attend. Based on social physics, you would expect
that
|
a. |
People
will be evenly distributed throughout the room |
|
b. |
People will tend to stay in groups of 5-8 |
|
c. |
People will tend to stand by the water cooler or the coffee
machine. |
|
d. |
At first people will stand by the water cooler, but over
time they will drift over to the coffee machine |
|
e. |
At first people will talk to
others that are most different from them. |
21. William decides to dress up as the Grimm
Reaper and wear a mask for halloween. On
his way to a party, he passes a person who is obviously in distress. Although he is normally inclined to help
people, in this case he does not stop to help.
Which theory would best explain William's actions?
|
a. |
The smoky-room effect |
|
b. |
Diffusion of responsibility |
|
c. |
Social physics |
|
d. |
Deindividualization |
|
e. |
The good Samaritan theory |
22. Santini, a pilot, was recently in a
crash. Although he himself suffered no
physical injuries, his plane was severely damaged and two crew members were
killed. Which of the following would lead you to believe William is suffering
from a dissociative disorder?
|
a. |
He is hyperactive, impulsive, and unable to focus on tasks like reading a book. |
|
b. |
He complains of having recurring haunting memories and nightmares about the crash. |
|
c. |
He is unable to remember anything of the crash, and his friends say
they've seen major changes in his personality. |
|
d. |
He has an intense fear of flying that he links with the belief that he was responsible for killing his crew members. |
|
e. |
He says he is having repetitive thoughts of something terrible happening and has to repeatedly check his car brakes. |
23. Social loafing is most likely
to occur among:
|
a. |
students who are each assigned a different topic for their course term papers. |
|
b. |
UT football players who are playing in a rematch against Texas Tech. |
|
c. |
factory workers paid on the basis of individual level of productivity. |
|
d. |
a group of runners competing for first place in a race. |
|
e. |
students who are given a group assignment
for which everyone gets the same grade regardless of their contribution. |
24. Which of the following individuals is
most likely to benefit from an SSRI (selective-serotonin-reputake-inhibitor)
like Prozac?
|
a. |
Sybill, who hears imaginary voices telling her that she will suffer a fatal accident |
|
b. |
|
|
c. |
Albus, who has involuntary movements of his facial muscles, tongue, and limbs |
|
d. |
Minerva, who is so addicted to cigarettes that she doesn't want to quit smoking |
|
e. |
Horace, who has lost his sense of identity and wandered from his home to a distant city |
25. Neville told his therapist, “I came to
see what you could do for me.” What
would be the therapist's response if he is using the active listening
technique?
|
a. |
“Talk about your relationship with your mother.” |
|
b. |
“It sounds like you're feeling you need some help. Am I right?” |
|
c. |
“Tell me about the dreams you've been having recently.” |
|
d. |
“What makes you think I could do anything for you?” |
|
e. |
“I can prescribe a drug that might help you.” |
26. Based on research on aggression and
parent-training programs, which of the following would be the best advice to
give parents who are concerned about the frequent aggressive outbursts of their
6-year-old son?
|
a. |
“Let him be aggressive and beat up other kids. You don't want him to be a weakling, do you?” |
|
b. |
“Don't be concerned about your child's aggressiveness, unless the behavior pattern continues beyond the fifth grade.” |
|
c. |
“Be consistent in spanking your child after every outburst so he'll realize that aggression never pays.” |
|
d. |
“Reward and praise your son whenever he is socially cooperative and
altruistic.” |
|
e. |
“Encourage your son to watch the devastating consequences of violence portrayed on TV.” |
27. Pedro and his friends go to an ice cream
shop, and all his friends order vanilla ice cream. Pedro is the last to order,
and he decides to order vanilla, too.
Pedro's decision may be explained by
|
a. |
The
Milgram effect |
|
b. |
The power of authority effect |
|
c. |
Informative social influence |
|
d. |
The social power effect |
|
e. |
Normative social influence |
28. Every time Karl leaves his apartment he
checks to see if the door is locked at least three times. Every time he leaves his office he also
returns at least three times to see if the lights have all been switched off. Karl shows signs of
|
a. |
Schizophrenia |
|
b. |
Generalized anxiety disorder |
|
c. |
Panic disorder |
|
d. |
Depression |
|
e. |
Obsessive-compulsive disorder |