Thursday, November 6, 2008
Write your name and UTEID on both the ScanTron and on THIS test.
BUBBLE in your UTEID (in the identification section) and your form number (in
the special codes section) on the ScanTron.
1. A(n) _______ is to the
Freudian approach to personality as a(n) _______ is to the Five Factor Approach
to personality.
|
a. |
Peach; onion |
d. |
Onion; tomato |
|
b. |
Tomato; onion |
e. |
Tomato; peach |
|
c. |
Onion; peach |
|
|
2. A male vasectomy:
|
a. |
Eliminates the release of sperm but doesn’t affect
testosterone production. |
|
b. |
Eliminates the release of sperm and does affect testosterone production. |
|
c. |
Eliminates the production of sperm but doesn’t affect
testosterone production. |
|
d. |
Eliminates the production of sperm and does affect
testosterone production. |
|
e. |
Completely eliminates sex drive. |
3. Catherine does not like Travis. When talking to her friend John, Catherine says she suspects that Travis does not like her. Catherine's belief that Travis does not like her could be due to
|
a. |
suppression |
|
b. |
projection |
|
c. |
repression |
|
d. |
relativism |
|
e. |
egotism |
4. Which of the following is
evidence that supports the biological basis of homosexuality?
|
a. |
Homosexuality has no biological basis. |
|
b. |
Parent-related traumas induce different genetic expression causing homosexuality. |
|
c. |
Twin studies that
compare identical twins raised apart to fraternal twins and siblings suggest
a significant genetic effect. |
|
d. |
There is a moderate correlation between number of older sisters and homosexuality. |
|
e. |
Studies of otoacoustic emissions show that lesbian women have the same emissions as heterosexuals. |
5. The writing task about the Thematic Apperception Test
was designed to:
|
a. |
Reveal Freudian thoughts about aggression and sex. |
|
b. |
Capture aspects of
personality based on how one projects their own motives into an ambiguous
story. |
|
c. |
Serve as a comparison to how one writes about personal traumatic experiences. |
|
d. |
Test whether people have narcissistic personality by way of an apperception theme assignment system. |
|
e. |
Measure gender differences in perceptions of women in science. |
6. The big 5 personality dimensions were discovered by
|
a. |
assessing
value statements. |
|
b. |
correlating
a large number of traits with different values. |
|
c. |
the
results of a questionnaire ranking values by importance. |
|
d. |
examining
how personality traits are correlated with one another. |
|
e. |
comparing
trait judgment of the big five animal groups. |
7. After experiencing inescapable brutalities as a prisoner of war, Sayid became apathetic, stopped eating, and gave up all efforts to physically survive the ordeal. Sayid's reaction most clearly illustrates:
|
a. |
the problem of Sayid's blind optimism that he will survive. |
|
b. |
Freud's defense mechanism of reaction formation - Sayid turns his feelings of defenselessness to feelings of hopelessness. |
|
c. |
that Sayid is experiencing learned
helplessness because he had no control over what happened to him as a
prisoner of war. |
|
d. |
that Sayid has internal locus of control because he felt in control of his own fate. |
|
e. |
a failure of Sayid's parasympathetic nervous system to activate his "fight or flight" response. |
8. Juliet's mother told her, “You know you are in love when your heart beats fast and you experience that unique trembling feeling inside whenever you see the man of your dreams.” This remark best illustrates:
|
a. |
catharsis - because increased arousal can help the person to get rid of the unwanted thoughts. |
|
b. |
Juliet's mother's belief that emotion is a two-factor process that starts with sympathetic nervous system activation that continues until Juliet comes up with the appropriate label of "love." |
|
c. |
the James-Lange theory of emotion that claims that the biological
reaction to seeing something is the emotion itself. |
|
d. |
the power of instrumental conditioning - whenever a person's sympathetic nervous system is activated, it can be reinforced by seeing "the man of her dreams." |
|
e. |
Freud's defense mechanism of projection - whenever Juliet sees the man of her dreams, she projects her feelings of love onto her sympathetic nervous system activity. |
9. Which
of the following theories would be best supported by the factor analytic
approach?
|
a. |
A theory that argues
for 8 broad, non-correlated core values. |
|
b. |
A theory that argues for the superego, the id, and the ego. |
|
c. |
A theory that argues for 12 different types of fruit. |
|
d. |
A theory that argues that human psychology has undergone evolutionary forces. |
|
e. |
A theory that argues for a core theory of mind. |
10. Jimmy is driving and he is late for an
appointment, when suddenly another driver swings in front of him, forcing him
to slow down. This makes Jimmy very
angry, and he is tempted to make a mean gesture towards the other driver, but
he recognizes that doing this would be wrong, so he decides not to react. According to Freud, Jimmy's ______ determined
that reacting angrily would be wrong.
|
a. |
Id |
d. |
Consciousness |
|
b. |
Alter
ego |
e. |
Sense
of reality |
|
c. |
Superego |
|
|
11. Mr. Moore, a documentary filmmaker, experiences premature ejaculation. Through behaviorally oriented therapy, he would most likely learn to minimize his problem by:
|
a. |
engaging in sexual activity less frequently. |
|
b. |
eliminating his high level of sexual guilt. |
|
c. |
uncovering the unconscious fears that underlie his problem. |
|
d. |
learning ways to control his urge to ejaculate. |
|
e. |
taking Viagra. |
12. Lisa Simpson was euphoric after learning that she had been accepted by the medical school of her choice. After a few weeks, however, she is only mildly excited when she thinks about her admission to medical school. This change in her feelings can best be explained by:
|
a. |
Freud's defense mechanism of repression - in order to control her superego, Lisa began repressing her feelings of excitement. |
|
b. |
the gradual deactivation of Lisa's parasympathetic nervous system. |
|
c. |
the feel-good, do-good phenomenon - Lisa was initially very happy about her acceptance, but she didn't go out and help other people, so her happiness decreased. |
|
d. |
the adaptation-level phenomenon - over time, Lisa's adaptation level
was recalibrated so that the high level of excitement she felt when she first
found out she was accepted is now perceived as more mild or "neutral." |
|
e. |
Lisa's use of the representativeness heuristic to judge how appropriate her level of excitement was based on excitement prototypes. |
13.
|
a. |
very easy. |
d. |
very easy or very difficult. |
|
b. |
moderately difficult. |
e. |
very exclusive. |
|
c. |
extremely difficult. |
|
|
14. Match.com, a dating website, is trying to introduce a new set of profile questions that will improve how well people think they know one another. Based on the lecture, which of the following questions would be the LEAST effective profile question?
|
a. |
What is your attitude
towards religion? |
|
b. |
How important to you is the basic value of equality? |
|
c. |
How extraverted are you? |
|
d. |
How much do you identify with your current occupation? |
|
e. |
What is the narrative story that binds your life together? |
15. John says to Wendy "Have you heard I'm having a Halloween party on Friday? It would be great if you could come, feel free to bring breasts." John had meant to say "guests" instead of "breasts". This is an example of
|
a. |
outward
dreaming |
|
b. |
the
power of the reality principle |
|
c. |
unconscious
creeping |
|
d. |
a
Freudian slip |
|
e. |
an
unresolved ego |
16. Dilbert scores high on neuroticism and his colleague Calvin scores low on neuroticism. Calvin complains that Dilbert worries too much about work, and Dilbert complains that Calvin is "careless" because he doesn't worry about work at all. Based on what you learned about extraverts and introverts in class, you would conclude that
|
a. |
Dilbert
should learn to relax, as worrying is not an advantageous trait. |
|
b. |
Calvin
and Dilbert are incompatible employees and should not collaborate on any
projects. |
|
c. |
Calvin
is probably a more efficient employee than Dilbert. |
|
d. |
Dilbert
is probably a more efficient employee than Calvin. |
|
e. |
Calvin
and Dilbert have different attributions for what is an appropriate attitude towards
work. |
17. Who is least likely to have a heart-attack?
|
a. |
Jack Shepard, a self-confident, time-conscious doctor |
|
b. |
Tyler Durden, a relaxed, easy-going
salesman |
|
c. |
Dolores Umbridge, an irritable, impatient professor |
|
d. |
Fox Mulder, a fun-loving, hard-driving FBI agent |
|
e. |
your Writing Czar, a perfectionist and psychology graduate student |
18. Dr. Yang is exploring a new phenomenon called the Madly Effect, which is the tendency for children to say they’ll do what their parents tell them to do when the parents are present, but when the parents aren’t around, the children do just the opposite. What BEST explains this effect?
|
a. |
id bias |
d. |
social desirability bias |
|
b. |
implicit bias |
e. |
false consensus bias |
|
c. |
the unconscious bias |
|
|
19. A group of researchers are claiming that mosquitoes have some personality characteristics. Dr. Gosling might be convinced of this claim if the researchers show which of the following?
|
a. |
Mosquitoes have
individual differences that are consistent across time and situations. |
|
b. |
Mosquitoes act differently under a variety of different experimental conditions. |
|
c. |
All mosquitoes respond in the same way to a “vacuum experiment”. |
|
d. |
Mosquitoes tend to be reserved in the morning but aggressive in the evening. |
|
e. |
Mosquitoes tend to show signs of neuroticism when near someone with bug repellant on. |
20. Alexis spends a lot of time looking in the
mirror, and expects lots of compliments from friends. When asked why her classmate decided to work
on a project with her, she replied "It's because I'm the most brilliant
person to work with." According to
what you learned in class, Alexis shows signs of
|
a. |
self-absorption |
d. |
self-worship |
|
b. |
narcissism |
e. |
obsessiveness |
|
c. |
high
self-esteem |
|
|
21. Which of the following is the biggest challenge to studying animal personality?
|
a. |
animals
don't have personalities. |
|
b. |
it
is not possible to control situations to check for consistent behavioral
responses. |
|
c. |
animal
personality is too unstable; an animal’s personality changes over time. |
|
d. |
people
tend to project their own personality traits to animals. |
|
e. |
within
each species, only some individual animals have personalities. |
22. According to McAdams, if you really want to know someone, you need to know
|
a. |
3 levels of
personality: dispositional traits, personal constructs, and identity |
|
b. |
5 traits: openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism |
|
c. |
Personality type as measured by the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator |
|
d. |
4 levels of personality: dispositional traits, personal constructs, and identity, and self-worth |
|
e. |
3 traits: conscientiousness, extraversion, and neuroticism |
23. Imagine that one of your friend's family members was almost killed in a car accident six months ago. Although the family member is now fine, your friend is still very distressed by this. Based on Professor Pennebaker’s research, what suggestion might you make to her to help her cope with her situation?
|
a. |
Try
to focus on something else, such as work, school, or recreational activities.
|
|
b. |
Set
aside a few days and write about it for 15 minutes each day. |
|
c. |
Don't
talk to anyone about it. |
|
d. |
Talk
about good times you had with that family member before the car accident. |
|
e. |
Adopt
a pet (such as a dog) and spend as much time as you can with it. |
24. Although Hugo has been obese for as long as he can remember, he is determined to lose excess body fat with a special low-calorie celery diet. Hugo is likely to have difficulty achieving his goal with this diet because:
|
a. |
fat cells can be lost only with vigorous exercise. |
|
b. |
his resting metabolic rate will increase and prompt him to overeat. |
|
c. |
he has an unusually low set point for body weight. |
|
d. |
fat tissue can be maintained by fewer calories than can other body
tissues. |
|
e. |
celery is fattening. |
25. According to the textbook, which of the following suggestions would be the worst advice for a dieter?
|
a. |
“Don't keep candy or junk food in your home.” |
|
b. |
“Don't just go on a diet. Try walking or riding a bike, too.” |
|
c. |
“Avoid eating during the day so you can enjoy a big meal in the
evening.” |
|
d. |
“Don't expect to lose weight fast. In fact, it's better if you reduce your weight gradually over a period of many months.” |
|
e. |
“Eat several small meals throughout the day.” |
26. Dr. Evil electrically stimulates your lateral hypothalamus. This procedure is likely to:
|
a. |
cause amnesia so that you forget that you need to eat. |
|
b. |
decrease your basal metabolic rate and cause you to gain weight even though your eating habits haven't changed. |
|
c. |
facilitate conversion of your blood glucose to fat. |
|
d. |
permanently lower your set point, which decreases your appetite. |
|
e. |
cause you to begin eating even though you are not hungry. |
27. Baje, a high school freshman, has a high need to belong. Which of the following is she least likely to do?
|
a. |
Be especially friendly to everyone to win their approval |
|
b. |
Say that she wouldn't dream of leaving her boyfriend even though he calls her names and abuses her |
|
c. |
Spend all her money on expensive, stylish clothes so she can dress like the popular girls |
|
d. |
Say things she thinks other people want to hear as opposed to saying what she truly thinks or feels |
|
e. |
Spread really nasty rumors about popular
girls to get back at them for not paying attention to her |
28. After being physically aroused by his daily three-mile run, Brad finds that he experiences stronger resentment if his wife, Angelina, asks for an unexpected favor and more intense romantic feelings if she kisses him. Brad's experience can best be explained by:
|
a. |
the two-factor theory - Brad attributes his arousal to a strong
emotional response to either Angelina's request for a favor or to her kiss. |
|
b. |
the James-Lange theory of emotion - Brad's biological reaction to Angelina is the emotion itself. |
|
c. |
the Cannon-Bard theory - Brad experienced the physical arousal at the same time he experienced his emotional response to Angelina, but the arousal did not cause the emotion. |
|
d. |
the adaptation-level phenomenon - whichever emotion Brad experiences is relative to "neutral" emotions defined by his previous experience with Angelina. |
|
e. |
the availability heuristic - Brad judges the likelihood that he is experiencing a certain emotion based on how readily that emotion comes to mind from memory. |
29. Twenty-year-old Sarita is slightly overweight and loves to eat, particularly snack foods and rich desserts. Fearful of becoming overweight, she frequently takes a laxative following episodes of binge eating. Sarita most likely suffers from:
|
a. |
bulimia nervosa. |
d. |
hypermetabolism. |
|
b. |
anorexia nervosa. |
e. |
homeostasis. |
|
c. |
excess PYY. |
|
|
30. Sun is upset with her husband, Jin, for not putting his dirty clothes in the laundry basket. Anger experts would most likely recommend that she deal with her frustration by saying to him:
|
a. |
“I'm not your mother. Take some responsibility.” |
|
b. |
“From now on I'm going to leave my dirty clothes around for you to pick up.” |
|
c. |
“It annoys me that you leave your dirty clothes for me to pick up.” |
|
d. |
“I refuse to make dinner until you do the laundry.” |
|
e. |
“You are such a jerk!” |
31. Ming-Na participated in a beauty pageant and lost. Which of the following conclusions would be most representative of a self-serving bias on Ming-Na's part?
|
a. |
“I should have practiced more for the talent portion of the competition.” |
|
b. |
“I should have taken more time to think about my answers to the judges' questions.” |
|
c. |
“I'm just not as beautiful as the other girls.” |
|
d. |
“I think the judges were unfair and clearly showed favoritism.” |
|
e. |
“The judges chose the right girl to win.” |
32. Students who have just been told they have failed Introductory Psychology are asked questions that encourage them to express hostility toward their professors. Research suggests that this opportunity to vent anger will most likely:
|
a. |
calm their emotions and reduce their anger. |
|
b. |
lead them to perceive their professors' actions as unavoidable. |
|
c. |
rechannel their anger into constructive motivation. |
|
d. |
increase their hostility. |
|
e. |
make them love psychology. |
33. Professor Snape is going through a painful divorce that is causing him a lot of frustration and anxiety. Professor Snape decides to see a Freudian psychoanalyst to discuss his divorce and how it is affecting his personal life and work. Which of the following would suggest to the psychotherapist that Professor Snape is using displacement to cope with his divorce?
|
a. |
Opposite to what he truly feels, he acts extremely cheerful and carefree around his colleagues and students. |
|
b. |
He creates unnecessarily difficult tests and gives his students
unusually low grades. |
|
c. |
He tells other professors that marriage just wasn't for him. |
|
d. |
He talks openly about his feelings with his friends. |
|
e. |
He starts to use mediation to calm his nerves and relieve stress. |
34. When someone wakes up in a
sexually aroused state it is because:
|
a. |
The person’s
parasympathetic system has been overridden by the id. |
|
b. |
The sympathetic system is active. |
|
c. |
The person’s ego has allowed the superego to be in control during sleep. |
|
d. |
The person’s oedipus complex has let the defense system do what it wants. |
|
e. |
The parasympathetic system is active. |
35. Expressive writing does all of
the following EXCEPT:
|
a. |
Label your feelings and thoughts about the trauma. |
|
b. |
Puts the experience on paper which helps with putting things in perspective. |
|
c. |
Forces a structure on the experience that just thinking about it doesn’t. |
|
d. |
Creates social behavioral changes. |
|
e. |
Helps condition you
to associate the trauma with the harmless experience of writing. |
36. Your friend, Ana Lucia, is mildly depressed. You know Ana Lucia doesn't want to use prescription medication. Based on the study described in the textbook on the effects of different treatments for depression in women, which of the following would you tell Ana Lucia to do to help give her the biggest reduction in depression?
|
a. |
Smile more and act happy. |
|
b. |
Try meditation. |
|
c. |
Learn some relaxation exercises. |
|
d. |
Get an acupuncture treatment. |
|
e. |
Start jogging or riding a bike. |
37. Alfonso is in a position where
the constraints of the situation keep him from following his id or
superego. What must be affecting his
response?
|
a. |
Freudian slip |
|
b. |
The ego/superego principle |
|
c. |
the reality principle |
|
d. |
the psychosexual principle |
|
e. |
The unresolved superego problem |
38. Nanny Jo believes that parents should accept and try to understand their children's feelings and should honestly disclose their own inner feelings to their children. Her approach to parent-child interaction was most explicitly influenced by:
|
a. |
Bandura's observational learning research. |
|
b. |
Skinner's work dealing with instrumental conditioning and extinction. |
|
c. |
|
|
d. |
Jung's beliefs about the collective unconscious. |
|
e. |
Freud's findings concerning the Electra Complex. |
39. All of the following may contribute to modern racism EXCEPT:
|
a. |
People are ignorant of the true similarities amongst all people. |
|
b. |
Many people are in denial that minorities are still at a disadvantage today. |
|
c. |
The media pushes untrue stereotypes about different races. |
|
d. |
People tend to generalize one or a few experiences with members of other races to what the entire race is like. |
|
e. |
People's responses
to questionnaires judging traits of African-Americans have not changed much
in the last 50 years. |
40. You overhear a conversation on a bus one day, one man states "Did you hear Obama speak the other night?" The other replies "Yeah. You know, I can't believe that people are still talking about race. We don't have segregation anymore, so people should just stop complaining." This person is expressing a form of:
|
a. |
aversive racism |
|
b. |
symbolic racism |
|
c. |
"old-fashioned"
racism |
|
d. |
ethnophaulism |
|
e. |
subjective racism |
41. When Dr. Gosling fails to arrive to class as expected, Dr. Pennebaker fears he has been in an accident. Dr. Pennebaker's heart and respiration rate remain elevated until he sees Dr. Gosling come through the door and onto the stage. Dr. Pennebaker's body soon returns to normal due to the action of his ________ nervous system and inhibition of his ________ nervous system.
|
a. |
parasympathetic; sympathetic |
|
b. |
sympathetic; parasympathetic |
|
c. |
central; peripheral |
|
d. |
somatic; autonomic |
|
e. |
endocrine; reticular |
42. You got lost while hiking in the woods and no one has come to rescue you. After a week without food, the feeling of hunger is overwhelming. To relieve your hunger, you start eating some moss growing on a rock. Your behavior is best explained in terms of:
|
a. |
the general adaptation hypothesis - you are so hungry that you adapt to eating anything. |
|
b. |
instinct theory - all humans eat moss when there is nothing else to eat. |
|
c. |
drive-reduction theory - the feeling of hunger causes arousal that
drives you to eat anything to reduce that arousal. |
|
d. |
optimum arousal theory - you are driven to seek an optimal level of hunger arousal. |
|
e. |
free association - you eat whatever comes to mind. |
43. Xander is usually animated and talkative when he is with his girlfriend, but he is often quiet and reserved at home. He actively participates in many classroom discussions but frequently seems reluctant to talk with friends at the campus coffee shop. Xander's behavior should make us more cautious about emphasizing the consistent impact of ________ on behavior.
|
a. |
personality traits |
d. |
defense mechanisms |
|
b. |
psychoanalysis |
e. |
the id |
|
c. |
the situation |
|
|
44. When 2-year-old Stewie was told he would get no dessert until he finished the food on his plate, he threw his plate on the floor in a temper tantrum. Freud would have suggested that Stewie was unable to resist the demands of his:
|
a. |
superego. |
d. |
Electra complex. |
|
b. |
id. |
e. |
parasympathetic nervous
system. |
|
c. |
ego. |
|
|
45. Because Scarlett is an extravert, she frequently goes to parties where she is encouraged to laugh and socialize with her friends. Because Melanie is an introvert, she frequently spends weekends in the library where it's easy to quietly reflect and study. Scarlett and Melanie best illustrate what is meant by:
|
a. |
self-actualization. |
|
b. |
the Oedipus complex. |
|
c. |
projection. |
|
d. |
the Barnum effect. |
|
e. |
reciprocal determinism. |