Thursday, September 18, 2008
1. In a study, mothers drop their kids off alone in a room, and
the experimenter watches to see how the child responds. The first child in his study is visibly upset
when the mother is gone. What would be
the BEST conclusion about this child based on this experiment?
|
a. |
The child is securely attached. |
|
b. |
The child is anxiously attached. |
|
c. |
The child is avoidantly attached. |
|
d. |
The child might be securely or anxiously
attached, but more data is needed to make a classification. |
|
e. |
The child
has a disorganized attachment. |
2. John has a fear of water, but his friends convince him to
try swimming at the pool one day. As he
approaches the pool, his heart begins to pound faster and faster. Which of the following best describes what is
happening?
|
a. |
John's central nervous system has
activated his sympathetic nervous system. |
|
b. |
John's
central nervous system has activated his parasympathetic nervous system. |
|
c. |
John's
somatic system has activated his central nervous system. |
|
d. |
John's sympathetic nervous system
has activated his central nervous system. |
|
e. |
John's
sympathetic nervous system has activated his nonsympathetic nervous system. |
3. Alfredo has a mental condition that has
never been seen by doctors before. His
doctor runs many tests on him, and after watching his condition develop for
many years finally comes up with a new diagnosis called “Longhorneosis”. Which of the following medical journal titles
would BEST describe the doctor’s study of Alfredo?
|
a. |
Longhorneosis: A Case Study with Alfredo |
|
b. |
Longhorneosis: Drug Testing with
Alfredo |
|
c. |
Longhorneosis:
A Questionnaire Study with Alfredo |
|
d. |
Longhorneosis:
An Experimental Design with Alfredo |
|
e. |
Longhorneosis:
Not a Disease, |
4. A correlation between physical attractiveness and dating frequency of +0.60 would indicate that:
|
a. |
greater physical attractiveness causes increased
dating frequency. |
|
b. |
more frequent dating is associated with lower levels of physical attractiveness. |
|
c. |
it is
impossible to predict levels of physical attractiveness based on knowledge of
dating frequency. |
|
d. |
less frequent dating is associated with
lower levels of physical attractiveness. |
|
e. |
physical attractiveness is not at all
related to dating frequency. |
5. After Charlie's serious motorcycle accident, doctors
detected damage to his cerebellum. Charlie is most likely to have difficulty:
|
a. |
reading printed words. |
|
b. |
understanding what others are saying. |
|
c. |
playing his guitar. |
|
d. |
tasting
the flavors of foods. |
|
e. |
solving math problems. |
6. At the age of 22, Claire was less than 4 feet tall. Her
short stature was probably influenced by the lack of a growth hormone produced
by the:
|
a. |
pancreas. |
d. |
cerebellum. |
|
b. |
thyroid. |
e. |
pituitary gland. |
|
c. |
adrenal gland. |
|
|
7. Hamad has just played a long, bruising football game
but feels little fatigue or discomfort. His lack of pain is most likely caused
by the release of:
|
a. |
glutamate. |
|
b. |
dopamine. |
|
c. |
acetylcholine. |
|
d. |
endorphins. |
|
e. |
medulla. |
8. Which of the following is the best evidence that
genes are linked to depression?
|
a. |
Recent research showing that adults can re-grow neurons. |
|
b. |
The case study of Tan. |
|
c. |
Charles Whitman, the 1966 UT tower sniper. |
|
d. |
Cross fostering
design studies. |
|
e. |
Serotonin allele studies. |
9. Caesar has been in an accident where he has become extremely
impulsive. He has also lost sensation in
his right foot. What lobes were likely
damaged?
|
a. |
Frontal and Parietal |
d. |
Occipital
and Parietal |
|
b. |
Frontal
and Temporal |
e. |
Pizzalipital
and Temporal |
|
c. |
Parietal
and Temporal |
|
|
10. The writing assignment was described as a stream of
consciousness experience for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
|
a. |
Even
though all sorts of brain and bodily processes are going on at the same time,
people usually are able to focus on just one at a time. |
|
b. |
We only
partially control what we experience. |
|
c. |
Our
thoughts are continuous. |
|
d. |
Our minds
can jump from idea to idea very quickly.
|
|
e. |
The longer we write, the less complex our
thoughts are. |
11. Professor Saxton was skeptical about the accuracy of recently
reported research on sleep deprivation. Which process would best enable her to
assess the reliability of these findings?
|
a. |
naturalistic observation |
d. |
the case study |
|
b. |
replication |
e. |
hindsight bias |
|
c. |
random sampling |
|
|
12. Dr. Shepard conducts basic research on the relationship between adults' language skills and their capacity to solve mathematical problems. Dr. Shepard is most likely a(n) ________ psychologist.
|
a. |
cognitive |
d. |
social |
|
b. |
biological |
e. |
evolutionary |
|
c. |
clinical |
|
|
13. The homunculus theory states that an actual, tiny person
inside each person’s head directs behavior.
The mind-body theory states that consciousness is controlled by a force
outside of the physical world. According
to the criteria from lecture, which theory might a psychologist call a “good
theory”?
|
a. |
Mind-body
theory because it has an operational definition. |
|
b. |
Homunculus theory because it makes a
falsifiable prediction. |
|
c. |
Neither theory
because both are actually false. |
|
d. |
Homunculus
theory because it is more complex. |
|
e. |
The
mind-body theory because it’s simpler.
|
14. Bill implanted an electrode in a mouse’s brain but he wasn’t quite
sure which part of the brain it stimulated. Every time Bill activated the
electrode, the mouse fell asleep. Bill’s electrode is probably stimulating:
|
a. |
the reticular formation |
d. |
the
hippocampus |
|
b. |
the
frontal lobe |
e. |
the visual
cortex |
|
c. |
the
temporal lobe |
|
|
15. Which of the following situations would cause the most
amygdala activation?
|
a. |
Ramona
takes a nap. |
|
b. |
Felix, who
has always had good experiences with dogs, hears a dog barking loudly. |
|
c. |
Debra, who
enjoys the smell of cigarettes, smells a cigarette from far away. |
|
d. |
Billy, who
hates ketchup, hears a dog barking loudly. |
|
e. |
Rodrigo, who had a traumatic experience
with a dog as a child, sees a dog growling. |
16. If a professor accused you of cheating on a test, your
adrenal glands would probably release ________ into your bloodstream.
|
a. |
endorphins |
d. |
insulin |
|
b. |
acetylcholine |
e. |
testosterone |
|
c. |
epinephrine |
|
|
17. An awareness that children's temperaments influence
parents' child-rearing practices should stop us from:
|
a. |
emphasizing the interaction of nature and nurture. |
|
b. |
assessing the stability of personality traits. |
|
c. |
blaming parents for our own dysfunctional
characteristics. |
|
d. |
identifying cultural differences in child-rearing practices. |
|
e. |
seeking a therapist. |
18. Professor Mackey suggested that a cautious attitude toward
sexual encounters has proven to be more reproductively advantageous to women
than to men because the birth process is time-consuming. This suggestion best
illustrates the logic of a(n) ________ theory of sexual behavior.
|
a. |
behavior genetics |
d. |
gender schema |
|
b. |
social learning |
e. |
evolutionary |
|
c. |
Freudian |
|
|
19. If a genetically based attraction to beautiful people
contributes to survival, that trait will likely be passed on to subsequent generations.
This best illustrates:
|
a. |
gender typing. |
d. |
mutation. |
|
b. |
natural selection. |
e. |
collectivism. |
|
c. |
behavior genetics. |
|
|
20. Cornelius has been diagnosed as being clinically depressed and
suicidal. He had a happy childhood and
hasn’t had any stressful life events.
According to lecture what is the likely makeup of the alleles on one of
the genes regulating his serotonin levels?
|
a. |
Both short |
|
b. |
One long,
one short allele |
|
c. |
Both long |
|
d. |
One short,
one missing |
|
e. |
One long,
one missing |
21. In order to assess the influence of self-esteem on
interpersonal attraction, researchers either insulted or complimented college students
about their physical appearance just before they went on a blind date. In this
research, the dependent variable consisted of:
|
a. |
insults or compliments. |
d. |
feelings of self-esteem. |
|
b. |
physical appearance. |
e. |
interpersonal attraction. |
|
c. |
the researchers. |
|
|
22. In lecture Dr. Pennebaker discussed how early childhood
traumas are related to numerous negative outcomes later on in life. Which of the following has recent research
shown?
|
a. |
Genes significantly interact with abusive
early life experiences to predict later outcomes. |
|
b. |
Attachment
with one’s mother does not predict abuse.
|
|
c. |
Self-esteem
is not linked to attachment. |
|
d. |
Cross-fostering
is more prevalent after childhood traumas.
|
|
e. |
Mood
disorders are unrelated to early traumas.
|
23. According to a recent UT study, 44% of students blackout from
drinking on their 21st birthday. According
to lecture, what happens in the brain to cause blackouts?
|
a. |
The
amygdala is unable to link an emotion to the incoming memories. |
|
b. |
The
hypothalamus is unable to retrieve recently saved memories. |
|
c. |
The hippocampus is unable to help save
new memories. |
|
d. |
The
hypothalamus is unable to process incoming information. |
|
e. |
The brain
is turned off and thinking is processed elsewhere in the body. |
24. Gertrude just learned a new hand technique for the piano that
has completely reorganized the way she thinks about music. What process has Gertrude undergone according
to Piaget?
|
a. |
Schematization
of her concrete operations |
d. |
Concrete
learning of her formal operations |
|
b. |
Accommodation of her piano playing schema |
e. |
Conditional
learning |
|
c. |
Perpetuation
of her operational definition |
|
|
25. Yolanda believes that no one should assassinate a brutal dictator
because murdering is against the law.
Which moral stage would Kohlberg classify Yolanda as being in and why?
|
a. |
Conventional because her reasoning is
based on complying with the law. |
|
b. |
Conventional
because murdering a dictator is really a noble act. |
|
c. |
Preconventional
because her reasoning is based a social contract orientation. |
|
d. |
Preconventional
because her reasoning is based on wanting to avoid personal. punishment. |
|
e. |
Post-conventional
because Obama and McCain won the nominations.
|
26. Lie detector tests are unreliable because:
|
a. |
The test
rarely finds truly guilty people guilty. |
d. |
There is
zero chance of a guilty person failing the test. |
|
b. |
The test often finds truly innocent
people guilty. |
e. |
There is
no evidence that physiology is related to lying. |
|
c. |
there is
zero chance of an innocent person failing the test. |
|
|
27. A person whose hand had been amputated actually felt sensations
on his nonexistent fingers when his face was stroked. This best illustrates the
consequences of:
|
a. |
tomography. |
d. |
aphasia. |
|
b. |
brain plasticity. |
e. |
hindsight bias. |
|
c. |
lateralization. |
|
|
28. A laboratory cat could be made to twitch its whiskers
by direct stimulation of the ________ lobes of its cerebral cortex.
|
a. |
temporal |
|
b. |
occipital |
|
c. |
frontal |
|
d. |
parietal |
|
e. |
cerebellar |
29. Ten-year-old Bebe insists on wearing very
feminine-looking clothes because she wants to appear ladylike. This best
illustrates the impact of:
|
a. |
individualism. |
|
b. |
personal space. |
|
c. |
collectivism. |
|
d. |
gender-typing. |
|
e. |
natural selection. |
30. Compared to environmentally impoverished rats, those
rats housed in enriched environments experienced a dramatic increase in the
number of their:
|
a. |
genomes. |
|
b. |
schemas. |
|
c. |
synapses. |
|
d. |
sex hormones. |
|
e. |
glands. |
31. Ike, the youngest child of a high school athletic
director, was able to roll over at 3 months, crawl at 6 months, and walk at 12
months. This ordered sequence of motor development was largely due to:
|
a. |
authoritarian parenting. |
d. |
imprinting. |
|
b. |
maturation. |
e. |
social learning. |
|
c. |
responsive parenting. |
|
|
32. A severely impaired theory of mind is most closely associated with:
|
a. |
crystallized intelligence. |
d. |
failing this exam. |
|
b. |
concrete operational thought. |
e. |
autism. |
|
c. |
role confusion. |
|
|
33. Diane goes to a new culture and discovers that patients are
treated for neurological disorder X with a drug that blocks the uptake of a certain
neurotransmitter. Diane notices that the side effects of the drug resemble the
symptoms another neurological disorder Y. Based on what she learned in class
about Parkinson’s disease and Schizophrenia, Diane suspects:
|
a. |
Disorder X
would probably be cured by a dopamine antagonist |
|
b. |
Neurological
disorders X and Y are probably both the result of too much of the
neurotransmitter |
|
c. |
Neurological
disorders X and Y are probably the result of completely different
neurotransmitters |
|
d. |
Neurological disorders X and Y are the
consequences of too much or too little of the same neurotransmitter. |
|
e. |
Diane does
not have enough information to make guesses about whether Disorders X and Y
are related. |
34. Which of the following statements is NOT consistent with the
old ideas of phrenology
|
a. |
Brain functions are localized. |
|
b. |
The
location of bumps on the head can be used to determine a person's
personality. |
|
c. |
Each part of
the somatosensory cortex corresponds to a different part of the body. |
|
d. |
Vision is
localized to the occipital cortex. |
|
e. |
The cortex and brain stem have the same
functions, operating at different rates. |
35. Researchers find a strong negative correlation between taking
a new drug called Spirin and heart problems.
What should the researchers conclude?
|
a. |
Taking Spirin will reduce heart problems. |
|
b. |
Taking
Spirin will increase heart problems. |
|
c. |
Greater Spirin usage is associated with
fewer heart problems. |
|
d. |
Less
Spirin usage is associated with fewer heart problems. |
|
e. |
Spirin
works slightly worse than Aspirin. |
36. Jorge has been pricked on the arm with an extremely small pin causing
a receptor neuron to fire. What is the
most likely result of that single neuron firing?
|
a. |
It automatically sends a signal to the brain producing some felt sensation. |
|
b. |
Other neurons heading towards the brain may or may not fire depending
on the strength of the signals they receive from the receptor neuron. |
|
c. |
The receptor neuron transfers the energy from the stimulus into an instant felt response. |
|
d. |
The receptor neuron always triggers a chain of neuronal firing into the brain. |
|
e. |
The receptor neuron gets hot and explodes. |
37. What is the BEST way to trick a lie detector test that Dr.
Pennebaker discussed in lecture?
|
a. |
Make your autonomic system go up and down randomly. |
|
b. |
Make your somatic system stay at a sustained high level. |
|
c. |
Keep your parasympathetic system at a sustained level. |
|
d. |
Keep your sympathetic system at a low level. |
|
e. |
Keep all parts of your nervous system in a calm state. |
38. You are at an art gallery looking at the paintings of an
artist done over many decades. You notice that after the artist reached 50, all
his paintings leave the left side of the canvas blank. The gallery owner
insists the artist was experimenting with a new artistic technique. But, based
on what you learned in class, you suspect that around age 50, the artist:
|
a. |
sustained damage to his right parietal lobe |
|
b. |
had damage to his left amygdala |
|
c. |
started taking L-dopa to increase his dopamine levels |
|
d. |
damaged the right side of his occipital lobe |
|
e. |
underwent surgery to become a “split-brainer” |
39. Aaron cried when his mother left him in the infant
nursery at church, and he was not reassured or comforted by her return a short
while later. Aaron showed signs of:
|
a. |
egocentrism. |
|
b. |
infantile amnesia. |
|
c. |
conservation. |
|
d. |
insecure attachment. |
|
e. |
secure attachment. |
40. The sight of large, enthusiastic crowds at all of her
political rallies led Mayor McDaniels to become overconfident about her chances
of winning the upcoming election. In this instance, the mayor needs to be
alerted to the value of:
|
a. |
replication. |
d. |
naturalistic observation. |
|
b. |
random sampling. |
e. |
taking introductory psychology with Dr. Gosling and Dr. Pennebaker. |
|
c. |
experimental control. |
|
|
41. In a recent car accident, Kenny sustained damage to his
right cerebral hemisphere. This injury is most likely to reduce Kenny's ability
to:
|
a. |
facially express emotions. |
d. |
correctly pronounce familiar words. |
|
b. |
solve arithmetic problems. |
e. |
answer this question. |
|
c. |
understand simple verbal requests. |
|
|
42. Mrs. Pearson cut Judy's hot dog into eight pieces and Sylvia's
into six pieces. Sylvia cried because she felt she wasn't getting as much hot
dog as Judy. Piaget would say that Sylvia doesn't understand the principle of:
|
a. |
object permanence. |
|
b. |
conservation. |
|
c. |
egocentrism. |
|
d. |
accommodation. |
|
e. |
natural selection. |
43. In an effort to prevent participants in an experiment
from trying to confirm the researchers' predictions, psychologists sometimes:
|
a. |
obtain written promises from participants to respond honestly. |
|
b. |
treat information about individual participants confidentially. |
|
c. |
tell the participants all about the true purpose of an experiment. |
|
d. |
allow people to decide for themselves whether they want to participate in an experiment. |
|
e. |
deceive participants about the true
purpose of an experiment. |
44. On which of the following tasks is a 20-year-old most
likely to outperform a 70-year-old?
|
a. |
recognizing
previously presented names of fruits and vegetables |
|
b. |
recognizing previously presented foreign-language words |
|
c. |
recalling previously presented names of cities |
|
d. |
recalling previously presented nonsense syllables |
|
e. |
recognizing previously presented words |
45. Fourteen-year-old Wendy was asked, “What would happen
if everyone in the world suddenly went blind?” She responded, “Those who had
previously been blind would become leaders.” Wendy's answer indicates she is in
the ________ stage of development.
|
a. |
concrete operational |
d. |
preoperational |
|
b. |
postconventional |
e. |
formal operational |
|
c. |
sensorimotor |
|
|