1. Which of the following behaviors is motivated by drive reduction?

a) choosing one potential marriage partner over another
b) deciding between pizza and a hamburger for dinner
c) eating an apple to satisfy your hunger
d) drinking Pepsi instead of Coke when you are thirsty
e) all of the above

2. At a general level, the Yerkes-Dodson Law of arousal suggests that .....

a) moderate levels of arousal are best for performance.
b) low levels of arousal are best for performance.
c) high levels of arousal are best for performance.
d) people get REALLY aroused when a law is passed that makes taxes go up.
e) all of the above

3. The inverted U-shape of the Yerkes-Dodson Law suggests that both ____________ levels of arousal ____________ performance.

a) high and low; facilitate
b) high and moderate; facilitate
c) high and low; interfere with
d) low and moderate; interfere with
e) all of the above

4. The lateral and ventromedial hypothalamus serve as __________ for eating.

a) regulatory centers
b) placemats
c) condiments
d) candleholders
e) all of the above

5. Which situation follows the James-Lange interpretation of emotions?

a) Emma saw the snake, felt her heart beat faster, and remembered she forgot her nitroglycerine pills. Damn!
b) Emma saw the snake, felt her heart beat faster, and became afraid.
c) Emma saw the snake, felt great fear, then felt her heart race.
d) Emma saw the snake and thought, "What would Dr. Freud say if he saw a snake?"
e) all of the above

6. According to Cannon, one problem with the James-Lange theory of emotion is that .....

a) he could never remember exactly what it said about having the "giggles" while you're giving a talk in front of a large group of people.
b) the same physiological reactions underlie many emotions.
c) his wife was always bugging him about taking it easy on her Daddy's theory.
d) emotional reactions happen too quickly to be interpreted by the brain.
e) all of the above

7. Categories of speech sounds are known as .....

a) morphemes
b) glyphs
c) phonemes
d) memes
e) all of the above

8 Evidence that innate factors are involved in language development include .....

a) different patterns of language development across cultures.
b) the use of sign language by chimpanzees & gorillas.
c) an apparent critical period for learning the syntax of a language.
d) all of the above are true
e) none of the above

9. Two-year-old Jared uses "kitty" to descibe any creature with four legs and fur. Jared is exhibiting .....

a) wishful thinking.
b) pretending.
c) sloppiness.
d) overextension.
e) all of the above

10. It is just past the turn of the century. Yvette took an intelligence test focusing on her comprehension, reasoning, and judgment abilities. The results indicate that she is mentally retarded and should be placed in a special class. Who would have designed this intelligence test?

a) Torquemada
b) Binet
c) Freud
d) The Duke of Earl
e) all of the above

11. Rob took an intelligence test prior to entering high school. His IQ score on the test was 50. According to the concept of mental age, Rob's score indicates that he is __________ in intelligence.

a) much below average
b) slightly below average
c) average
d) above average
e) all of the above

12. Lewis Terman translated for Americans the original IQ test developed in France. He added new items and adopted the concept of the ratio IQ instead of mental age. This test was the first version of the .....

a) Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale.
b) Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children.
c) Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales.
d) Scholastic Achievement Test.
e) all of the above

13. Clinical and counseling psychologists, by their career choice and success, could be expected to be particularly high in which of the following types of intelligence?

a) bodily-kinesthetic
b) interpersonal
c) financial
d) Freudian
e) all of the above

14. If you need to evaluate, critique, or judge the validity of an argument, which of Robert Sternberg's triarchic aspects of intelligence would be most useful?

a) analytical
b) creative
c) whimsical
d) mystical
e) all of the above

15. The intralaminar nucleus of the thalamus has been argued to be important for ____________.

a. fact-based learning
b. dyslexia
c. consciousness
d. recovery of function from brain damage
e. skill-based learning

16. Which of the following is a limitation of using neural networks to study the brain and/or consciousness?

a. Networks cannot be taught to recognize specific stimuli or patterns of inputs.
b. Only the brain can learn to discriminate among objects.
c. Excitatory and inhibitory effects at a synapse cannot be programmed into a computer yet.
d. Networks necessarily omit things when they simulate brain microstructure.
e. The may come alive and take over the world.

17. Conscious Experience ....

a. is improved with aromatherapy.
b. is mediated by the "grandmother" cells.
c. can be downloaded into a hard drive.
d. is the band playing this weekend at Emo's.
e. seems to be parceled into discrete 60-70 millisecond chunks