1. Compare receptor agonist, receptor antagonist, reuptake inhibitor and releaser

2. what is voaspressin. Substance P, acetylecholine, serotonin, endorphins (endogenous opiates), serotonin.

3. Explain how receptor agonists and antagonsist work.

4. Explain the action potential. What is the role of sodium channels and potassium channels.

5. What happens to the action potential when blocking potassium channels?

a. no depolarisation of axonal membrane potential

b. longer duration of the depolarization of axonal membrane potential

c. extreme pain and death

d. smaller depolarization of axonal membrane potential

6. When a person takes Prozac or Zoloft, what happens to his/her serotonin synapses?

7. You have trouble sleeping at night. What kind of drug would you be taking and why?

8. Some people suffer from a form of amnesia in which they cannot learn new information. Their most recent memories seem to be only those that occurred prior to the onset of the amnesia. These people are likely to have sustained damage to a part of the brain called the

a. thalamus.

b. amygdala.

c. hippocampus.

d. corpus callosum.

9. A patient with a brain tumor extending into the hypothalamus and pituitary gland may have dysfunctional sexual organs (i.e., ovaries, testes).

a. because a healthy pituitary gland produces hormones controlling the activity of sexual organs

b. because the tumor severs an axonal connection between the pituitary gland and these organs

c. because the tumor would impair sympathetic activity

d. because the tumor would affect the amygdala

10. What is the role of the limbic system, amygdala, hippocampus, pituitary gland, cerebellum, hypothalamus?

11. If humans are placed in a MRI scanner and shown pictures, the scanner should

a. show enhanced activity within the parietal cortex

b. show decreased activity within the somatosensory cortex

c. show enhanced activity within the occipital lobes

d. show enhanced activity within the frontal lobes

12. If humans are placed in a MRI scanner and asked to move their toes, the scanner

a. should show enhanced activity within the parietal lobes

b. should show enhanced activity within the limbic system

c. should show decreased activity within the occipital lobes

d. should show enhanced activity within the primary motor cortex

13. Describe the various lobe of the cortex. What is their function?

14. The DSM IV has been developed by the APA

a. to help the diagnosis of mental disorders by clinicians

b. to explain the causes of mental disorders

c. to identify different types of personalities

d. to help curing schizophrenia

15. The negative symptoms of schizophrenia appear to be produced by

a. extremely low levels of dopamine.

b. extremely high levels of dopamine.

c. the gene for schizophrenia.

d. brain damage.

16. Identify patients with characteristics of schizophrenia.

17. Bob is taking Prozac to control his depression. If you could sample neurotransmitters at the level of his synapses, what would you detect after he takes a dose of Prozac?

a. increased concentration of serotonin

b. decreased concentration of serotonin

c. no change in serotonin levels

d. more little arrows carrying bubbles filled with liquid

18. As paranoid schizophrenia can be treated with antagonists for dopamine receptors, one may want to conclude that ....

a. paranoid schizophrenia is associated with low dopamine activity in the brain

b. paranoid schizophrenia is associated with high dopamine activity in the brain

c. paranoid schizophrenia has nothing to do with the dopamine system in the brain.

d. paranoid schizophrenia is associated with low serotonin activity in the brain.

19. Which of the following is the most effective strategy for helping patients with arachnophobia (fear of spiders)?

a. throw live tarentulas at them

b. give them Prozac

c. give them Valium

d. expose them to spiders gradually

20. Recognize the characteristics of depression, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, antisocial personality.

21. What type of therapy would be best appropriate for schizophrenia, depression, anxiety disorders, and why?

22. You neighbor describes you his vision problems. His eye are in perfect condition but he is can only see a fragment of the scenery in front of him. You recommend he asks for an MRI of his brain because...

a. You predict a lesion of his association cortex in the occipital lobe, resulting in a reduction of the size of his visual field.

b. You predict a lesion of his association cortex involved in perception of location and movement.

c. He watches too much TV, especially that X-File show.

d. You predict a lesion of the primary visual cortex reducing the size of his visual field.

23. Describe characteristics of antisocial personality disorder.

24. Certain gases used as nerve agents for military purposes affect people by blocking acetylcholine esterase, the enzyme that deactivates acetylcholine on the post-synaptic membrane. What type of substance should you use to counteract the effect of such poison gases?