INTERNET METHODS
Since
1996 we have taken advantage of the Internet as a means for collecting data on
personality and self-esteem. Although
data collected via the Internet is subject to limitations (e.g., obtaining data
only from individuals with web access), this method also has a number of
advantages (e.g., reaching well beyond the populations that characterize most
psychological research; obtaining large sample sizes), especially when used in
conjunction with conventional research methods.
The sample sizes we have been able to collect using internet techniques have permitted us to perform analyses and address questions that have hitherto remained unanswered. For example, in one study of personality development (Srivastava et al., 2003), the large number of participants (well over half a million at the last count) allowed us to test linear, quadratic, and cubic age trends as well as interactions between the trends and gender. Moreover, we have enough participants at each particular age to track trends in personality change with a high degree of fidelity (see e.g., Soto et al., 2008; Wood et al., 2007).
In a study of music preferences (Rentfrow & Gosling, 2003), we used the Internet to complement our self-report measures of music preferences collected here in Austin, Texas. The internet allowed us to obtain data on music preferences that was not dependent on self-reports and did not over-sample from a particular region of the United States. Specifically, we examined individuals' on-line music libraries to obtain behaviorally revealed preferences from each of the 50 states.
EVALUATING INTERNET METHODS
Our most recent work focuses on evaluating the costs and benefits of Internet research methods (Gosling et al., 2004; Buhrmester et al., in press).
Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk)
If you're interested in our work evaluating the validity of data gathered using MTurk, here's our 2011 article published in Perspectives on Psychological Science (PoPS).
Michael Buhrmester, the lead author on our PoPS paper on MTurk, has prepared a very helpful "how to" guide for people who are considering collecting data via MTurk. You can get it at Michael's webpage, which he's constantly updating with news, links, and tips that should be of interest to anyone doing MTurk research. For questions/comments on the guide, please email Michael.
SOME ON-LINE TESTS WE'VE DEVELOPED
Click here to go to one of our on-line tests of the Big Five (or here, if you'd prefer feedback in terms of Star Wars characters!)
Click here to take a Big Five test in Spanish
Click here to take a Big Five test in German
Click here to take a Big Five test in Dutch
Click here to take a test that assesses your musical preferences
Are you thinking about doing internet research? If so, you need to buy this book by Chris Fraley. And when you've read that one, read this one:
And you should also check out the Web Survey Methodology site, a portal dedicated to methodological issues associated with web surveys.
Collaborators: Oliver John, John Johnson, Jeff Potter, Jason Rentfrow, Rick Robins, Sanjay Srivastava, Simine Vazire
Representative Publications:
Buhrmester, M. D., Kwang, T., & Gosling, S. D. (in press). Amazon's Mechanical Turk: A new source of inexpensive, yet high-quality data? Perspectives on Psychological Science.
Gosling, S. D., & Bonnenburg, A. V. (1998). An integrative approach to personality research in anthrozoology: Ratings of six species of pets and their owners. Anthrozoös, 11, 184-156.
Gosling, S. D., & Johnson, J. A. (Eds). (2010). Advanced Methods for Behavioral Research on the Internet. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Gosling, S. D., & Vazire, S., Srivastava, S., & John, O. P. (2004). Should we trust Web-based studies? A comparative analysis of six preconceptions about Internet questionnaires. American Psychologist, 59, 93-104.
Gosling, S. D., Sandy, C. J., John, O. P., & Potter, J. (in press). Wired but not WEIRD: The promise of the Internet in reaching more diverse samples. Behavioral and Brain Sciences.
Reis, H. T., & Gosling, S. D. (2010). Social psychological methods outside the laboratory. In S. T. Fiske, D. T. Gilbert, & G. Lindzey, (Eds.), Handbook of Social Psychology (5th ed., vol. 1, pp. 82-114). New York: Wiley.
Rentfrow, P. J., & Gosling, S. D. (2003). The do re mi’s of everyday life: The structure and personality correlates of music preferences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 1236-1256.
Robins, R. W., Tracy, J. L., Trzesniewski, K. H., Potter, J., & Gosling, S. D. (2001). Personality correlates of self-esteem. Journal of Research in Personality, 35, 463-482.
Robins, R. W., Trzesniewski, K. H., Tracy, J. L., Gosling, S. D., & Potter, J. (2002). Global self-esteem across the lifespan. Psychology and Aging, 17, 423-434.
Soto, C. J., John, O. P., Gosling, S. D., & Potter, J. (2008). The developmental psychometrics of Big Five self-reports: Acquiescence, factor structure, coherence, and differentiation from ages 10 to 20. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94, 718-737.
Srivastava, S., John, O. P., Gosling, S. D., & Potter, J. (2003). Development of personality in adulthood: Set like plaster or persistent change? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 1041-1053.
Wood, D., Gosling, S. D., & Potter, J. (2007). Normality evaluations and their relation to personality traits and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93, 861-879.