EXAM #2 Name _______________
Psy 301 (Introduction to Psychology)
Fall 2004 FORM A
1. The conversion of a retinal image into neural signals is an example of:
a) Sensation
b) Transduction
c) Perception
d) Transference
2. You and your friend both buy a lottery ticket. You choose six consecutive numbers
while your friend selects her numbers randomly. Your friend believes that she is more
likely to win than you are. Her belief is based on:
a) Availability heuristic
b) Framing
c) Anchoring
d) Representativeness heuristic
4. Which of the following is NOT true about connectionist models?
a) They rely on the use of computers to simulate human behavior.
b) The parallel-distributed processing model is an example of one.
c) They are often used to describe how neurons in the brain are associated.
d) They describe the relationships between perception and sensation.
5. Which of the following statements about pictorial cues is correct?
a) Depth perception relies exclusively on these cues.
b) They are only used when viewing 2-dimensional images.
c) They include cues such as binocular disparity and convergence.
d) None of the above.
6. In the classical conditioning demonstration in class, which of the following was the
unconditioned response?
a) Lemonade mix
b) Amount of salivation
c) The word “Pavlov” at the beginning of class
d) The word “Pavlov” at the end of class
7. Your friend moves to a new apartment, but she keeps forgetting her new address and
can only seem to remember her old address. This is an example of:
a) Episodic memory
b) Semantic memory
c) Proactive interference
d) Retroactive interference
8. According to operant conditioning, what is the term for the method of teaching a
dolphin a new trick?
a) Opponent-process theory
b) Transduction
c) Shaping
d) Discrimination
9. Which of the following statements about explicit memory is incorrect?
a) It is the process of retrieving information that can be consciously brought to mind.
b) It contains episodic, but not semantic memory.
c) The ability to recall the classes you took last semester is one example.
d) People use this type of memory to recall declarative memory.
10. Dr. Gosling’s case study of the man who was given new sight because of the removal
of his cataracts showed that:
a) Once sight is lost, it can never be regained.
b) Sensation is a different process than perception.
c) Transduction is the critical step in being able to see light.
d) Vision relies solely on sensation.
11. Which of the following models of categorization is based upon an all-or-none
principle?
a) Defining attitribute model
b) Prototype model
c) Script theory
d) Representativeness model
13. The class demonstration in which you stared at a yellow and green flag and then saw
the
a) Opponent-Process Theory
b) Additive Color Mixing Theory
c) Accomodation Theory
d) Young-Helmholtz Trichromatic Theory
14. In an experiment, rats are given heroin repeatedly until they develop tolerance.
Then the rats are split into two groups. The first group is given an unusually high
dose of heroin in the room in which it normally receives heroin. The second group is
given an unusually high dose of heroin in a new room. Which of the following
results do you expect to see based upon what you’ve learned in lecture?
a) The rats in the new room will be LESS likely to overdose than the rats in the
old room.
b) The rats in the new room will be MORE likely to overdose than the rats in the
old room.
c) The rats in the new room will be MORE likely to refuse the heroin than the
rats in the old room.
d) The rats in the new room will be LESS likely to refuse the heroin than the rats
in the old room.
15. The smallest setting of volume in which you can hear the music is called:
a) Difference threshold
b) Just noticeable difference
c) Weber’s law
d) Absolute threshold
16. According to lecture, which of the following types of memory has a nearly unlimited
capacity, but a duration of only a fraction of a second?
a) Episodic memory
b) Short-term memory
c) Sensory memory
d) Declarative memory
17. The Stroop phenomenon in which it is difficult to name the colors of letters when
those letters spell the name of another color is best explained in terms of:
a) The cocktail party phenomenon
b) Dichotic interference
c) Retroactive interference
d) Automaticity
18. Which of the following is an important component of signal detection theory?
a) Human judgment
b) Fechner’s law
c) Steven’s power law
d) Accomodation
19. A student studying in the library is distracted by the chattering of his neighbors.
After 30 minutes, he no longer notices the noise despite the fact that they are still
talking. The student is experiencing:
a) Accomodation
b) Acquisition
c) Sensory adaptation
d) Transduction
20. Which of the following demonstrations would best display lateral inhibition?
a) Staring at an American flag in yellow/green and then at a blank screen
b) Staring at a grid of black squares with white borders
c) Looking through a prism
d) Looking straight ahead while trying to visualize colors in the periphery
21. In class, we discussed an example of taste aversion with rats and flavored water. In
this example, the lithium chloride (the chemical that made the rats sick) acted as the:
a) Unconditioned stimulus
b) Unconditioned response
c) Conditioned stimulus
d) Conditioned response
22. Which of the following illusions is responsible for our ability to watch movies?
a) Stroboscopic movement
b) The Ponzo illusion
c) The waterfall effect
d) Motion parallex
23. Which of the following people would most likely be associated with low
blirtatiousness?
a) A car salesman
b) A radio DJ
c) A television VJ
d) A librarian
24. Which of the following theories is used to describe pain perception?
a) Accomodation theory
b) Gate control theory
c) Opponent-process theory
d) Filter theory
25. Which of the following would be considered a primary reinforcer?
a) Immediate verbal praise
b) Delayed verbal praise
c) Sex
d) A new car
26. The Candid Camera segment with the fake glass shown in class is an example of
which of the following?
a) Top-down processing
b) Bottom-up processing
c) Pictorial cues
d) Binocular disparity
27. A toddler is placed in time-out for misbehavior. By allowing the child to
leave time-out after showing good behavior, the parent is using which technique:
a) Positive reinforcement
b) Negative reinforcement
c) Positive punishment
d) Negative punishment
28. Retinal size refers to:
a) The physical size of one’s retina.
b) The speed in which the retina conducts neural signals.
c) The size of an object’s reflection on the retina.
d) The size of the axons that converge on the retina.
29. The day after an exam, you may be more likely to remember what the first exam
question was rather than the last. This is known as:
a) Semantic memory
b) Short-term memory
c) Recency effect
d) Primacy effect
30. A student gets an allowance from her parents for every 5th test that she aces. Her
parents are using which of the following reinforcement schedules?
a) Continuous
b) Ratio
c) Interval
d) Variable
31. A baby is shown a square hole with various geometric shaped blocks. After a several
seconds of staring at the blocks and hole, the baby picks up the square block and fits
it in the hole. This is an example of which of the following problem-solving
strategies?
a) Trial and error
b) Algorithm
c) Heuristic
d) Insight
32. Remembering your fifth birthday party is an example of ________ memory, and
remembering how you hated the dentist as a kid is an example of ________ memory.
a) Semantic; procedural
b) Procedural; semantic
c) Procedural; working
d) Episodic; semantic
33. According to the textbook, learning that occurs without any type of reinforcement is
called:
a) Variable
b) Latent
c) Secondary
d) Osmotic
34. Which of the following is associated with Bandura’s Bobo doll experiment of
aggression?
a) Observational learning
b) Classical conditioning
c) Perceptual constancy
d) Operant conditioning
35. Your friend tells you that he is going to watch “the debate.” It could either be the
presidential debate or a practice debate for the UT debate team. You’ve been
watching a lot of news lately which has been covering the presidential debate, so you
automatically assume your friend is referring to the presidential debate. You are
using which of the following?
a) Availability heuristic
b) Framing
c) Anchoring
d) Representativeness heuristic
36. According to lecture, which of the following is NOT responsible for depth perception
in humans?
a) Convergence
b) Atmospheric perspective
c) Generalization
d) Motion parallex
37. Which of the following is an example of implicit memory?
a) Knowing what theory Freud developed
b) Remembering what you did over the weekend
c) Knowing how to drive a car
d) Remembering how you got to a new city
38. The cocktail party phenomenon refers to:
a) The fact that humans can attend to only one thing at a time.
b) The fact that sensory information is vital to perception.
c) The fact that humans can only remember a certain number of items at once.
d) The fact that the representativeness heuristic is so common.
39. The class demonstration in which a student had to say which colors she saw in the
periphery while staring straight ahead was designed to show that:
a) Cones are located primarily near the fovea.
b) Color vision is better in bright light.
c) Rods are responsible for the ability to see in the dark.
d) Visual acuity is poor in the periphery.
40. Which of the following is an example of operant conditioning?
a) A baby cries to get a pacifier from his mom.
b) The sight of the pacifier makes a baby start sucking.
c) A student studies hard during the week and plays sports on the weekend.
d) A student studies hard during the week and on the weekend.
41. Which of the following brain areas is most directly responsible for strengthening the
neural connections which lead to memory?
a) The frontal lobe
b) The amygdale
c) The anterior occipital lobe
d) The medial temporal lobe
42. Elizabeth Loftus’ research on eyewitness testimony in which participants claimed to
have seen broken glass even when there was none is best explained in terms of:
a) Proactive interference
b) Retroactive interference
c) Insight
d) Association
43. A man tells you, “That orchestra is great! Their last piece was delicious.” He most
likely has:
a) A lesion in the temporal lobe
b) Synesthesia
c) Sensory adaptation
d) Temporal coding
44. The dichotic listening technique is used to study:
a) Selective attention
b) Opponent-process theory
c) Ad hoc categories
d) “Fuzzy” boundaries
45. Which of the following best describes the difference between operant and classical
conditioning?
a) Operant conditioning occurs in animals while classical conditioning is
primarily a human phenomenon.
b) Operant conditioning is based upon cognitive principles while classical
conditioning is based on behaviorist principles.
c) Operant conditioning relies upon rewards and punishments while classical
conditioning relies upon associations.
d) There is no significant difference except that they both have different
founders.
|
question |
exam2 |
|
1 |
b |
|
2 |
d |
|
3 |
d |
|
4 |
d |
|
5 |
d |
|
6 |
b |
|
7 |
c |
|
8 |
c |
|
9 |
b |
|
10 |
b |
|
11 |
a |
|
12 |
a |
|
13 |
a |
|
14 |
b |
|
15 |
d |
|
16 |
c |
|
17 |
d |
|
18 |
a |
|
19 |
c |
|
20 |
b |
|
21 |
a |
|
22 |
a |
|
23 |
d |