Pennebaker/Gosling Introductory Psychology – Test 5

December 7, 2006

1.	___________ is to Prozac, as ____________ is to Haloperidol
	a.	Sexual dysfunction; tardive dyskenisia
	b.	Heart attacks; cancer
	c.	Diabetes; Heart disease
	d.	Withdrawal; tolerance
	e.	Tremors; Waxy flexibility

2.	The behavior of “prison guards” in Zimbardo’s prison study (mentioned in your textbook) and the behavior of “teachers” in Milgram’s obedience study were both important in demonstrating:
	a.	The negative impact that a psychopath can have on others.
	b.	The importance of personality on negative behaviors.
	c.	The general tendency to underestimate situational influences on negative behaviors.
	d.	The power of peer pressure to inhibit negative behaviors.
	e.	The general tendency to underestimate the likelihood of helping behaviors.

3.	According to the 5^th Writing Assignment for this class, what can we infer about Coco if we know that she received a Linguistic Style Matching (LSM) score of –0.80?
	a.	Coco is probably gullible.
	b.	Coco is probably not easily swayed by others.
	c.	Coco probably should not get a managerial or leader position in her career.
	d.	Coco is a good dancer.
	e.	Coco has codependency issues.

4.	_____________ is to OCD, as ___________ is to bipolar disorder.
	a.	Marijuana; Cocaine
	b.	Haloperidol; Prozac
	c.	Wellbutrin; psychedelics
	d.	Clomipramine; lithium
	e.	Tylenol; Advil

5.	You really want to go to the Bahamas over winter break but you don’t know how to convince your best friend to go. What would your best strategy be?
	a.	Talk to your best friend’s parents about how bad the Bahamas is so they tell her not to go, in turn she will choose to go in order to defy her parents.
	b.	Talk to your best friend alone.
	c.	Talk to your best friend with another friend who does not want to go to the Bahamas.
	d.	Give her the silent treatment until she gives in.
	e.	Get 3-4 people who want to go to the Bahamas and then talk to your best friend with the group.

6.	You have just entered into a restaurant where everybody has their napkins tied around their foreheads. According to Asch’s theory of INFORMATIONAL social influence, you think that:
	a.	You don’t want to be viewed as different from everyone else
	b.	You want to be just like everyone else
	c.	You just want to be accepted as part of the group
	d.	Everyone in the restaurant knows something that you don’t
	e.	You don’t care what everyone else is doing

7.	If your physician prescribes a drug to treat your depression, what is the likelihood you will experience relief from your symptoms?
	a.	Very low because drugs need to be combined with therapy
	b.	About 65%
	c.	About 20%
	d.	About the same as if she had prescribed a placebo
	e.	100%

8.	A general conclusion growing out of the recent research on treating mental disorders is that
	a.	Psychotropic medications are the treatment of choice for most such disorders.
	b.	The treatment of mental disorders is not very promising and so few treatments will be developed in the years ahead.
	c.	The interventions that eventually prove useful will be very small in number.
	d.	The use of psychotropic medications is likely to become much less popular in the years ahead.
	e.	Medications frequently deal with the symptoms but cognitive and behavioral approaches are necessary to solve behavioral problems.

9.	In class you think of yourself as intellectually motivated while at a party you think of yourself as fun loving and outgoing. This is an example of
	a.	A poorly integrated self.
	b.	The influence of situational factors on your working self.
	c.	An interdependent self.
	d.	An independent self.
	e.	The cocktail-party effect.

10.	John has been married for several years and is beginning to worry about whether it will last. According to Gottman’s research the prognosis is better if
	a.	The couple does not fight.
	b.	One member of the pair always withdraws when the conflicts become intense.
	c.	The female in the relationship wants to have sex 5 times more than the male does.
	d.	Positive interactions outweigh negative interactions by 5 to 1.
	e.	Both members of the pair use the silent treatment at the same time.

11.	A gambler who is losing badly attributes his luck to another person at the table with “bad karma.” This attribution is a case of
	a.	Bystander bias.
	b.	Bystander intervention.
	c.	Self-serving bias.
	d.	Zenward comparison.
	e.	Bystander apathy.

12.	You and your friend are both getting excellent grades in the psychology class. According to self-maintenance theory, excelling at things your friends also do
	a.	Boosts everyone’s self-esteem more than excelling alone.
	b.	Increases a sense of group solidarity.
	c.	Leads you to see your friend in a more positive way than before.
	d.	May lead to you distancing yourself from your friend.
	e.	Increases the probability that you will be lifelong friends.

13.	In comparing the effects of psychotherapy and drug treatments on brain functioning in depression, it has been found that
	a.	Psychotherapy has no detectable effects while the effects for drug treatments can be dramatic.
	b.	Neither psychotherapy nor drug treatments have detectable brain effects.
	c.	Drug treatments have no detectable effects on the brain, while the effects for psychotherapy are dramatic.
	d.	They have nearly identical effects suggesting that both drug treatments and psychotherapy should never be given to a person at the same time.
	e.	They both tend to have detectable brain effects.

14.	Amit is pledging to join a new fraternity, and sees no objective criteria for predicting whether or not he will get into the fraternity. He will probably:
	a.	Take lithium pills.
	b.	Suffer a loss in self-esteem.
	c.	Compare himself with other pledges.
	d.	Experience a gain in self-esteem.
	e.	Use terror management theory.

15.	Your friend has just started on the drug lithium, which is used in the treatment of bipolar disorder. Your friend is experiencing some slight side effects. Your friend is considering stopping the drug treatment. What would you recommend?
	a.	Agree; lithium has side effects that intensify over time.
	b.	Disagree; lithium often prolongs the manic phase of bipolar disorder, which is better than feeling depressed.
	c.	Disagree; lithium shows a reduction in side effects with continued use.
	d.	Agree; lithium is much less effective than either TMS or ECT for treatment of this disorder.
	e.	Agree; lithium often intensifies the manic phase of bipolar disorder, which causes people with the disorder to behave in destructive ways.

16.	You feel that you are well-liked for your achievements in basketball and soccer. You are more likely to bask in the reflected glory of a friend’s achievements when
	a.	Your friend wins a chess competition.
	b.	The friend scores as many points as you do in basketball games.
	c.	The friend wins an award for most valuable player on your basketball team.
	d.	Your friend beats you in a basketball game.
	e.	Your friend scores as many goals as you do in soccer.

17.	Imagine that you are a consultant to a person campaigning for public office who has enough money to pay for 10 minutes of TV time. On the basis of what psychologists know about liking and about persuasion, which of the following TV ad strategies would you recommend?
	a.	Buy one 10-minute time slot to appear right after an ad for your opponent.
	b.	Buy twenty 30-second time slots.
	c.	Use two 5-minute time slots widely separated in time.
	d.	Have one 10-minute time slot appear on the channel most widely viewed by the people who will be voting on your office.
	e.	Buy one 30-second time slot, then anonymously donate the rest to charity.

18.	By now you have formed an impression of Professor Pennebaker. If you were to show a 30 second clip of Professor Pennebaker’s lecture to your roommate, the impression formed by your roommate would be
	a.	Much more positive than your impression.
	b.	Much less positive than your impression.
	c.	Surprisingly similar to your impression.
	d.	Based almost entirely on stereotypes of professors.
	e.	Based almost entirely on stereotypes of males.

19.	Kevin recently met Stacy and gives her a picture of himself, asking her to put it on her desk. He is probably hoping to capitalize on the
	a.	Reciprocity effect; seeing his picture on her desk every day will make her think she likes him.
	b.	Mere exposure effect; seeing his picture repeatedly will make her like him more.
	c.	Dissonance effect; if he goes through the effort of giving her the picture, she’ll realize he must be attracted to her.
	d.	Halo effect; if he’s nice enough to give her his picture, he must be a nice guy.
	e.	Pheromones; seeing the picture will make him appear more attractive.

20.	According to dissonance theory, which students should have a more positive attitude toward the school they decide to attend? A student who:
	a.	Has a really high SAT score.
	b.	Was offered admission to only one school and rejected from others.
	c.	Was admitted to several schools but clearly preferred one of them.
	d.	Was admitted by an early admission program.
	e.	Had difficulty choosing between two very good schools.

21.	Several individuals who share the view that most grades should be pass-fail discuss this topic one night. By the time the discussion is over, they agree that all grades should be pass-fail. This is an example of
	a.	Social facilitation.
	b.	Group solidarity.
	c.	Group polarization.
	d.	Conformity.
	e.	Social inhibition.

22.	You decide to use the door-in-the-face technique to get your roommate’s help on a project. This approach would involve
	a.	Being especially nice to your roommate before asking.
	b.	First asking for 3 hours and later for the 20 hours you actually need.
	c.	First asking for 20 hours of help and then later reducing it to the 3 hours you actually want.
	d.	Displaying how hurt you are if it seems that your roommate is not going to help.
	e.	First asking for 1 hour of help and then later making sure you only get help for exactly 1 hour.

23.	Imagine that you have fallen and broken your leg. Under which of the following conditions could you expect to receive help most quickly?