Introductory Psychology – Test 4

Thursday, November 16, 2006

1.	Imagine that your sister has a child who has been diagnosed with ADHD and has been told by her doctor that he will outgrow it by adulthood. Based on recent research is this a reasonable expectation?
	a.	Yes, over 80% of children diagnosed with the disorder no longer show symptoms as adults
	b.	Yes, but only if appropriate treatment is received immediately
	c.	No, since approximately 50% of children with ADHD continue to show adult symptoms
	d.	Research does not yet speak to this issue since ADHD has been studied only in children
	e.	The diagnosis of ADHD does not yet exist

2.	Imagine that Eysenck has classified one of your roommates as an extrovert and the other as an introvert. When you come into the room you slam the door very loudly, surprising them both. Who would show more physiological arousal to this event?
	a.	The extrovert would show more physiological arousal.
	b.	They would both show the same level of arousal but the extrovert would sweat more.
	c.	They would both show the same level of arousal but the introvert would be more surprised.
	d.	This personality dimension does not allow one to predict the outcome.
	e.	The introvert would show more physiological arousal.

3.	A diet strategy that makes sense from what we know about eating behavior is to
	a.	Always eat in the presence of other people.
	b.	Highly flavor the foods you eat so they are more satisfying.
	c.	Think about your favorite foods prior to eating since this will stimulate your metabolism.
	d.	Eat the same foods each day and limit their variety.
	e.	Don’t eat anything until 8pm in the evening when metabolism is at its peak.

4.	Removing some of your clothes when you get overly warm is an example of
	a.	The operation of a negative feedback system.
	b.	A fixed action pattern.
	c.	An instinct.
	d.	A drive state.
	e.	Showing off.

5.	Allegra has always been a very anxious person. When she went to a hypnotist show she was the easiest person to hypnotize. She also has been going to therapy due to issues with past sexual abuse. What kind of disorder would you predict that Allegra had?
	a.	An Eating Disorder
	b.	A Generalized Anxiety Disorder
	c.	Schizophrenia
	d.	A Dissociative Disorder
	e.	A Somatoform Disorder

6.	Meaghan has had a bad day. She is upset and irritated and is taking it out on her boyfriend, which is highly unusual since she has always been warm, giving, and kind to him and all others who know her. According to trait theory, you would say that Meaghan has a(n) personality:
	a.	Pleasant
	b.	Irritating
	c.	Aggressive
	d.	Anti-Social
	e.	Weak

7.	If you were a school administrator who was aware of the recent research on the effects of rewards on intrinsically motivated behaviors, which of the following policies would make sense?
	a.	The use of rewards should be limited to activities that students already find interesting, thereby increasing the occurrence of intrinsically motivated behaviors.
	b.	All positive behaviors should be rewarded independent of whether students appear to initially enjoy engaging in them.
	c.	The use of rewards should be minimized in the classroom.
	d.	Negative rewards should replace positive ones.
	e.	Teachers should use rewards to motivate behavior—but primarily for activities that students initially find boring or of little interest.

8.	Sandra’s parents are always telling her different things. Like dating, her mother tells her that dating lots of boys makes you popular while her father tells her that she shouldn’t date any boys because they are only after one thing. They are always disagreeing about how Sandra should behave. This can increase Sandra’s likelihood of experiencing which disorder:
	a.	Almost any psychological disorder, due to the double bind hypothesis
	b.	Obsessive Compulsive disorder, due to her need for cleansing
	c.	Unipolar Depression, due to the Diathesis Stress Model
	d.	Bipolar Depression, due to biological consideration
	e.	Panic attacks, due to the trauma of dealing with disagreeing parents

9.	Two important factors that help us achieve our goals are
	a.	Deindividuation and self-regulatory strength.
	b.	Self-efficacy and low levels of conscientiousness.
	c.	Low intrinsic motivation and high extrinsic motivation.
	d.	Low tolerance for ambiguity and high levels of individuation.
	e.	The ability to delay gratification and self-regulatory strength.

10.	Jesper is on a diet and has just been to a party where many tasty desserts were served but he managed to eat celery and carrots instead. When he arrives home his roommates have ordered in pizza and beer and offer him some. What is the likely impact of Jesper’s earlier attempts to regulate his eating at the party?
	a.	Since the party experience has increased the strength of his self-regulation ability he will turn down the pizza.
	b.	Since the ability to resist temptations of this sort is increased in familiar situations, we can expect John to reject the pizza.
	c.	Since the earlier experience has depleted the strength of his ability to self-regulate, Jesper will be more likely to eat the pizza.
	d.	Since self-regulatory strength is highly constant across social contexts, we would predict that Jesper would turn down the pizza and beer.
	e.	Since self-regulatory strength applies only to dietary forbidden foods like desserts but not savory foods like pizza, no prediction can be made based on the information given.

11.	Kai has obsessive-compulsive disorder. If you were able to get Kai to admit that his behaviors are irrational, what would happen to his obsessive and compulsive symptoms?
	a.	This is a trick question; people with OCD never admit to the irrationality of their behaviors.
	b.	His obsessions would decrease and his compulsions would increase.
	c.	His obsessions and compulsions would no longer respond to medical treatment.
	d.	His obsessions and compulsions will decrease and eventually go away, starting from the moment he realizes his behaviors are irrational.
	e.	Kai would still be unable to stop engaging in obsessive and compulsive behaviors.

12.	The forbidden thoughts experiment conducted in class showed that:
	a.	The overwhelming majority of students want to marry at least one of the professors.
	b.	Freud’s critics (who say that Freud’s theories about sex and aggression are not valid today since they arose from the Victorian era of sexual repression) are wrong.
	c.	All thoughts are sexual or aggressive in nature.
	d.	Freud’s critics (who say that Freud’s theories about the Oedipus and Electra complexes are not valid today) are wrong.
	e.	The topics of forbidden thoughts have drastically changed over the last decade.

13.	One difference between anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa is that:
	a.	Anorexics develop more interest in food, whereas bulimics lose interest in food.
	b.	Anorexia is associated with a greater decrease in body weight than bulimia.
	c.	Anorexia is considered to be an extreme form of dieting, whereas bulimia is not.
	d.	Anorexia is treatable, but bulimia is not.
	e.	Anorexia is associated with binging episodes, but bulimia is not.

14.	__________________ is to the id, as _____________ is to the ego.
	a.	Libido; aggression
	b.	Me; I
	c.	I; me
	d.	The pleasure principle; the reality principle
	e.	The basic principle; the morality principle

15.	Caleb had been diagnosed with Hebephrenic schizophrenia. His most obvious symptom is that:
	a.	He believes the radio is sending him messages
	b.	He talks like a 3 year old
	c.	He is unresponsive to others around him
	d.	He believes he is Jesus
	e.	His body becomes inflexible

16.	Giancarlo is part of an internet dating club. His personals ad reads “If you are looking for a handsome 24 yr old male stud who likes to drink beer, smoke cigars, eat new foods, make out, and enjoy the rest of the finer things in life, then congratulations baby, you have found your match. Call me -###-####.” If Freud were your dating coach, he might warn you that Giancarlo might also be:
	a.	Talkative.
	b.	Uptight.
	c.	Shizoidal.
	d.	Castrated.
	e.	Not yet potty trained.

17.	Your roommate has been involved in a motorcycle accident with consequent damage to the frontal cortex. What change in her behavior could you reasonably anticipate?
	a.	She will be easily distracted by irrelevant stimuli in the environment when trying to perform a task.
	b.	She will be less motivated to pursue her goals.
	c.	She will have more difficulty making plans.
	d.	All of the above can be consequences of such an injury.
	e.	Only b and c are consequences of damage to the frontal cortex.

18.	Which of the following would tell you that a friend is suffering from borderline personality disorder rather than antisocial personality disorder?
	a.	Overly cautious behaviors giving the impression that a sense of self is lacking.
	b.	Low IQ, lack of remorse, and negative impulses.
	c.	No sense of self and a lack of empathy.
	d.	Strong hedonistic tendencies and a lack of concern for others.
	e.	Disturbances in identity, affect, and impulse control.

19.	In a study, extremely homophobic men shown videos of homosexual sex responded with more physiological arousal than did less homophobic individuals. Your textbook suggests that this can be explained as an example of
	a.	Fixation at an early stage of development.
	b.	The id not being able to control the ego.
	c.	Reaction formation.
	d.	High uncertainty regarding your sexual identity.
	e.	The realization principle.

20.	One of your roommates comes from a small rural town and one from a large city. Does this affect their probability of ever experiencing an episode of schizophrenia?
	a.	No, genetic factors are so important in this disorder a rural versus urban environment doesn’t matter
	b.	No, rural and urban environments do not differ in the factors associate with schizophrenia
	c.	Yes, the one from the urban environment is more at risk
	d.	Yes, the one from the rural environment is at higher risk, particularly if the parents also grew up there
	e.	Yes, the one from the rural environment is at higher risk, regardless of where the parents grew up

21.	Michael can’t control his temper and gets into a lot of fights in prison, yet he still holds a very high opinion of himself because he thinks he is perfect and that the world revolves around him. Eysenck would probably say that Michael is high in:
	a.	Introversion.
	b.	Extroversion.
	c.	Sensory stimulation.
	d.	Psychoticism.
	e.	Neuroticism.

22.	Everyday since she can remember, Cynthia has been suspicious that her little brother has dipped her toothbrush in toilet water when she is asleep, and so she has always held her breath and avoided talking to anyone at all costs while walking past people to ensure that they don’t spread rumors about her having toilet breath behind her back. This may be a symptom of:
	a.	Medical student syndrome.
	b.	Confirmation bias.
	c.	Antisocial personality disorder.
	d.	Emotional-erratic personality disorder.
	e.	Paranoid personality disorder.

23.	The fourth writing assignment for this class asked for an essay describing yourself. The task highlighted how George Kelley thought about identity, and the computerized feedback results showed the most common dimensions that college students discuss in this task. Which of the following about this approach to analyzing personality is true?
	a.	Statistically, the less number of words you use to describe yourself, the more accurate the results.
	b.	The computerized word count approach produces results almost identical to the Big Five trait approach.
	c.	This technique reveals the dimensions that most college students consciously or unconsciously pay attention to when they think about themselves or others.
	d.	This technique is more accurate than humans in revealing the dimensions that most college students consciously or unconsciously pay attention to when they think about themselves or others.
	e.	Most college students think about only seven dimensions when they think about themselves or others.

24.	You are planning to live with a new roommate next academic year and would like to know how she might behave in a variety of situations. Which of the following would allow you to do that most accurately?
	a.	You ask the future roommate how she thinks she will behave.
	b.	You give her the Rorschach projective test.
	c.	You ask her mom about how she will behave.
	d.	You predict that she will behave very much like you will behave.
	e.	You ask her current acquaintances to predict how she will behave.